Starting at price refers to the base model, optional equipment not included. In a loss of traction, it adjusts dynamically. Whilst using the payment system eWay you can be sure your information is safe and secure. Additionally, a Rock-Trac 4X4 system with full-time 4WD and a 4LO ratio of 4:1 is now optional on Rubicon models. 6. Inside the transfer case, the output shaft is connected to the rear drive shaft. First indicators while driving is a hard steering feel and the vehicle displaying jerky movement. The answer is having a center differential. This system is the true four-wheel propulsion traditionalist typically made for work and play in more challenging environments. It can be activated at any time, stopped or moving, at speeds up to 55mph I believe. Take a look at what happened to this guys transfer case after accidently driving straight in 4WD on the freeway. Put the vehicle on Neutral and turn the 4-wheel drive selector from 2H to 4H, or 4L, depending on how fast you want to go. This is not my understanding at all. Youve got 4WD engaged so you can make it up the snowy driveway. Part-time 4WD is a vehicular system that allows the driver to turn on the 4WD only when needed. Even if the wheels on one side of your vehicle are completely off the ground, the wheels that are still on the ground will still continue to get a steady amount of torque. When you have a faulty switch, you might be For most 4WD scenarios, LSDs are all you need for adequate traction. The center diff allows for each axle to spin independent of one another and still offers the rear-power bias/adjustments. Pricing and offers may change at any time without notification. If youre still a bit confused, this diagram will give you a big picture understanding of the transfer cases role in delivering engine torque to both the front and rear axles. This post may contain affiliate links. Ive learned a lot and its from these sorts of chats. Michael-Mace January 5, 2018, 10:20pm 13 I think this should be a common sense type of thing but what do I know? The differences start to come in when traction starts to drop, and typically at slower speeds. 4WD is a type of drivetrain system that, as the name implies, transfers engine power to all four wheels. Instead of all the power going to the left side like would happen if you had open differentials the LSDs send some of the power to the right wheels that have more traction, allowing your car to move forward. Now the question is whether you care or not, and thats up to you Ill just describe the differences in real life. This is normal and does not indicate a problem with the powertrain. Also, if you break a CV joint then you will find that the computer-controlled centre diff is not very keen on letting you drive only the rear wheels, whereas if you could lock it then youd have rear drive at least. This means when the transfer case is in 4HI/4LO, the power distribution is locked to 50/50 meaning 50% of power is sent to the front axle and 50% to the rear. Even if you never purchase a 4WD vehicle, youll at least know what people are talking about next time 4x4s come up in conversation. Toyota part time 4WD explanation. Part-time 4WD means 4WD can be engaged or disengaged. But when your driving surface is covered in snow or consists of loose sand and gravel, it helps to have all the wheels working together to give your car extra traction and move it over the terrain. Many people view AWD and fulltime 4WD as the same thing. It powers all 4 wheels at all times. It causes mechanical components to bind instead of moving freely - this situation is called "axle binding" ,"driveline binding" or "driveline wind up". The next part of this article will explain what an actuator is, why we need to keep our 4WD system well lubricated and how to troubleshoot the transfer case module when our 4WD refuses to engage. If you suspect the switch is faulty, take the 4WD to a professional auto-electrician to test and inspect if the switch needs replacement. While I agree that driving conditions dictate driving speed, this has no impact on his 4WD system in the SEQUOIA. synthetic oil to prevent the diff from freezing up in sub-zero temperatures. Shift Your Toyota Tacoma into Neutral. Yes, this is extremely simplified (we could go into the details of frictions role in traction, but wont), but this is a good working definition. For Jeeps with part-time 4-wheel drive systems, keep a low speed of around 7 to 30mph. Without a transfer case, your part-time 4WD vehicle would be a 2WD vehicle. How is part time 4WD performing off road? These faults are Sometimes this can lead to being unable to shift gears (especially with a manual transmission), or it can lead to a broken pinion or ring gear in an axle--or even a broken transfer case. The left side is covered with snow, but the right side is dry pavement. And that is true. As you recall, when you engage 4WD, the transfer case locks the front and rear drive shafts together. Plenty of accidents happened due to traction loss, and stability control is recognised as a lifesaver. However, as a result, you will lose all forward motion! Some modern 4WD systems turn on automatically whenever it detects one or more of the wheels slipping. not easily detected unless its regularly inspected. If youre off-roading up a steep hill or trying to drive over obstacles (like you see in this video), youll not only want more traction, but also more power sent to your wheels. The transmission may start off in 2nd gear rather than 1st for improved traction. Well clear it up here in a bit. This ineffectual tire rotation is called wheel spin. Look on youtube at all of the CRV in deep snow, mud videos. What's the primary advantage of having all major drive system components located at the front of a front-wheel-drive (FWD) configuration? One way to relieve this tension is to let the rear tires slip and slide a bit. Through this, a full-time 4WD can function almost in 2WD when necessary, or full 4WD. Part-Time 4WD. They all have torsen center diffs and open front and rear using the brake-assisted setup to mimic LSD. Go the same speed as everyone else! while the front wheels themselves are saying Nope!. Former Toyota boss Shoichiro Toyoda dies aged 97, Bausele Bathurst 12 Hour limited edition watch released, Ram 1500 REV is brands first electric ute, Range Rover Lansdowne ultra-luxury edition unveiled, Ford axes 3800 jobs due to drastically reduced complexity of powertrains, Australia-bound Mercedes eSprinter more than doubles EV range, Mercedes-Maybach S580e is brands first plug-in hybrid, typically have traction and stability control, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmakcMcwd1w&fbclid=IwAR1Ho9eep_nz7fYynjHbJ2ncdf0Amgt5Vz49HSrM802mQxR1Urekbi_AVQ0. Which of the following drive system components allows opposing wheels to rotate at different speeds? Youre probably thinking, When would my wheels move at different speeds? Well, a common instance is whenever you go around a corner. With modern 4WD, everything is electronically controlled and each system is responsible for an important duty, like the diff-lock switches and actuators. When starting from a standstill with sharply turned wheels: The need for higher rpm in the front will most likely prevent you from getting started at all. Marks 4WD stocks a range of Part Time 4WD conversion kits to suit your 80 & 100 series Toyota Landcruiser for improved handling/steering & fuel savings. When your vehicle negotiates a bend in the road, the differential in the axle compensates for the fact that the outside wheel travels farther than the inside wheel does. Does your F150 exhibit a loud rattling noise that makes it sound like a diesel engine? Auto-Mode AWD - You have to press the auto-mode button on your steering wheel. You are able to switch between 2WD and 4WD on demand. As we discussed earlier, when a car is making a turn, the outside wheel has to go further than the inside wheel. Then Youre Doing The Jeep Wave, Right? When traveling with part time 4WD on low traction surfaces like sand, gravel, mud, snow, etc. Must read:Is it time for you to buy a four-wheel drive Jeep? If you have a wire corrosion problem, it Part-Time 4WD Toyota Canada 47.4K subscribers Subscribe 131 38K views 6 years ago Some Toyota vehicles are equipped with a part-time 4-wheel drive system that allows the driver to select. That seems easy enough, but differentials on a part-time 4WD vehicles can get surprisingly complex depending on how much traction you want. A customer wants to know whether they need to shift in and out of 4WD/AWD as road conditions dictate. When compared to all-wheel drive, the Toyota 4WDemand part-time 4x4 system allows you, the driver, to dictate when and where to use four-wheel drive. In terms of lubrication, this is an excellent exercise to keep all 44 drivetrain components well lubed up and protected from moisture build-up inside differentials. The second is the number of powered wheels. One of the reasons the new Ram 1500 TRX is nearly as fast as its Charger Hellcat cousin to 60 mph is its four-wheel . When the center diff is locked the system then behaves like a traditional part-time 4WD. Unlike Jeep's full-time four-wheel-drive system, this system locks the front- and rear-wheel driveshafts. Yet thanks to modern tech its not a huge drama as the vehicles typically have traction and stability control which quickly quells wheelspin, and any chance of the rear end getting loose. This will not necessarily prevent your 4WD components from packing up but will alert you beforehand if there is a problem. When the driver activates differential locker by means of a switch, it triggers a process that connects drive-shafts to function as one locked unit. Im wrong all the time, but It's my understanding that quattro systems *ALL* have three differentials: A center diff and an LSD on each axle. Alternatively, when switching from 4H to 4-Lo (low-range), it is recommended to slow down to 5mph without the gas pedal depressed and the transmission in the (N) Neutral position. off-road trail, so its important to regularly engage your 4WD system to make Lets take a look at this problem, as well the possible solutions. When the switch becomes faulty it can cause all They spin freely, and the rear wheels of the car do all the work of moving the vehicle. required to press the knob a few times before the dash 44 light stops Isuzu, like others, has used all three methods in the past. On most cars, known as two-wheel drive (2WD) cars, the drivetrain transfers power to just two wheels either the two rear wheels (aka, rear-wheel drive) or the two front wheels (aka front-wheel drive). In our snowy driveway scenario, a full-time 4WD vehicle with the center differential locked will send equal amounts of power to both the front and rear wheels. Always ensure you use a good grade of Does this mean that the motor is not [], Does your Ford F150 emit a very annoying rattling noise when driving between 20-35 mph or accelerating at low speeds? Failure to attend to this problem will result in component failures and expensive repair costs later down the line. So I am ordering the 3.6 etorque . But the way the most common type of differential used in vehicles (the open differential) operates can completely eliminate the traction enhancing capabilities of 4WD even if all four wheels are getting power from the engine. Part-time 4WD is a vehicular system that allows the driver to turn on the 4WD only when needed. A 4WD vehicle that has two locking differentials provides true 4WD all four wheels turn with the same amount of power no matter the situation. In our next edition of Gearhead 101, we take a look at how full-time 4WD, as well as AWD, works. On regular driving surfaces without the 4WD engaged, it works just like a rear-driven 2WD vehicle. The snow-covered left side has the least amount of resistance. Engage your 4WD system at least once a month to keep the system well lubricated. Jeep's part-time 4WD system is what the standard Wrangler and Gladiator transfer case configurations use. If they dont, the rear wheels will need to be able to skid and slide in order for the axle shafts to keep moving. Many people think that 44 means all 4 wheels are driven at the same time but this isnt necessarily the case. When 4WD is engaged, the locking hubs lock in the front wheels to the front axle allowing them to get torque from the engine. Location. franklin.thefuntimesguide.com/the_face_behind_the_blog/, The Differences Between Jeep Wranglers Sport vs Sahara vs Rubicon, Current And Former Jeep Owners Share The Top 40 Jeep Wrangler Pros And Cons. All Rights Reserved. But, first, lets talk about the last component that makes 4WD possible: locking hubs. Own A Jeep Wrangler? Contact Info. Does your F150 sound like a diesel when idling at operating temperature? As with 44, the first figure is the number of wheels. The fight between front wheels and transfer case also makes 4WD performance suffer - in a turn the front wheels are not pulling like they should. It powers all 4 wheels at all times. This is not something you want to see on an Open center differential enables four-wheel drive operation on any road surface. 4WD indicates an off-road-ready system with low-range gearing, whereas AWD is primarily meant for on-road use. Inspect all related wires for corrosion. You should know which type of configuration yours has. The tires cant slip and slide. If you step on the gas really hard (plus slipping your clutch) you might get the vehicle moving with spinning rear wheels but stress on all driveline components will be dangerously high. Automatic engagement on full-time AWD - Your car will automatically adjust to this mode. This is a four-wheel-drive system that can be operated continuously on all surfaces. Youll just wear out your tires and possibly damage your axles. But there is typically a key difference between the systems. Imagine a bar thats connected to a rotating gear at each end. Which of the following best describes the Auto position of the Selec-Terrain system? handling of the vehicle is unsafe (understeer) as well, but not as severe as on pavement. Not all 4WD systems function the same although the basic concept might be similar and if you read the owners manual youll notice them always recommend that you activate the 4WD system regularly. This allows the axle to spin the wheels when powered by the engine. of your 4-wheel-drive. The 4WD axle actuator is housed on the differential and contains the gears and shift fork required to lock the differential once it receives the signal. When needed (usually beyond pavement) 4WD can be engaged. PROS These are especially vulnerable to binding because of the lack of a center differential in many 4WD transfer cases. I think this is a good description. The transfer case is sending an equal amount of power to the front and rear LSDs. It gives your wheels more power, but moves the wheels at a slower speed allowing you to conquer that roadblock just by driving over it. Differential problems always manifest Yes, most modern 4WDs allow you to safely switch from 2H to 4H (4WD) while driving at speeds below 60mph. Shifting back to 2WD will become impossible (gears and levers are extremely forced together). It would really surprise me because it's an unnecessary expense if you aren't using it for AWD. So lets revisit our snowy driveway scenario, now with LSDs on both the front and rear axles. It becomes a problem when you try to make a similar turn on dry pavement with the differential locked. I wouldn't recommend doing this though. Most part-time 4WD vehicles have locking hubs on the front wheels. More of the engine's total weight rests over the front wheels, providing excellent grip in low-traction conditions. A tacoma like most trucks has a part time 4WD system. The part-time 4X4 system has no trick differential in the centre so it cannot be driven onroad in 4X4 mode, otherwise itd get transmission windup. The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. It works well. When you make a right turn, your inside wheel (the right wheel) travels less of a distance than your outside wheel (left wheel). And yesteryears 4X4s werent very powerful and had four-speed autos or five-speed manuals. Is it time for you to buy a four-wheel drive Jeep? If you use it when traction is great (like on dry pavement), your overland adventure will be cut short by a detour to the mechanic. If the centre diff cant be manually locked and is computer-controlled, as per Everest, Discovery and H9, then you are likely to find yourself at a disadvantage because no car manufacturer has yet delivered an intelligent centre diff or clutch which is as good as a lockable one, and in most cases they are worse. For example, a big failing is that when you apply the parkbrake only the rear wheels lock, leaving the fronts unlocked and therefore making it hard to secure the vehicle on a hill. Stop Your Toyota Tacoma or Reduce Speed to Less than 2 MPH. Locking differentials are usually driver engaged, but there are 4WD vehicles that have auto-locking differentials. However, if the two wheels were locked and moving at the same speed together (like what happens when you engage a locking differential), the inside tire would need to skid or skip in order for the axle to keep moving. All Prados have a constant 4WD system, driving all four wheels all the time, unlike say Fortuner or MU-X which are rear-drive only and known as part-time or selectable 4WD. The differential makes this possible. In a rear-wheel-drive-based system, the driveshaft transfers torque from the engine and transmission to which of the following drive system components? And when were not driving our own Jeep, were usually renting one (a 44 Wrangler on vacation). Some of this review is specific to the . When testing electrical wires on a 4WD or any vehicle for that matter, never test wire with a piercing probe. The front drive shaft connects the transfer case to the front differential. differential and transfer case oil levels are always topped up. Feb 12, 2007. One is to replace the open differentials with limited slip differentials. All types of 4X4 transmission can work onroad and offroad when designed correctly, so it is a matter of selecting the best one for your needs. When in 4WD Lo, your vehicle can only go up to 15 mph. You should be able to make a 3/4 to lock turn in 4WD without having the feeling you are locking up your wheels. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM. Since there's no center differential, a part-time 4WD system is unable to do which of the following? This is called drivetrain binding or wind-up and it can seriously jack up your 4WD drivetrain. On dirt roads the full-time 4X4 is markedly superior to the part-time 4X4. A full-time 4WDsystem may include the option of part-time operation (allowing you to shift into 2WD on dry pavement, for example) and may or may not have Hi and Lo speed ranges. Thanks for having this conversation with me! One of the big benefits of part-time 4WD vehicles is increased fuel economy. Only Sahara had this for 2020. In this type, the car is typically propelled by two wheels, usually the rear. Youll just jack-up your drivetrain. It should only be used when youre facing low-traction driving situations. How and When to Use 4WD You can shift into "4WD high" while moving at speeds of up to 45 to 55 mph; however, you'll need to release the gas pedal for a moment while you quickly pull the gear shifter back into the proper position. I have done this a few times to slew the back end around. You have all the benefits of a part-time 4WD system, full-time. 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Continued 4WD use on dry surfaces will cause the weakest links to break (U-Joints, axles, differential gears, transfer case gears and chains, bearings, drive shafts). In extremely cold weather conditions, remember to first warm the vehicle up before you engage any 4WD systems. Type: Full-time; Full time 4WD operation sends power to both the front and rear axles under normal driving conditions. The percentage of front/rear power delivery varies from system to system. So, if one of your wheels is on a slippery surface (like ice) then all of the energy will be sent to that wheel and away from the wheel that currently has good traction. Even more importantly, the driveline should be put back to 2WD mode when the track is no longer steep, loose or slippery. Do you use more fuel at start-up than idling? Also, 4WD is more wear and tear, and abuse, on the whole drive train, unlike part time and only two wheels are being driven. Stability control is recognised as a result, you will lose all motion. It detects one or more of the engine activated at any time stopped. Front- and rear-wheel driveshafts and yesteryears 4X4s werent very powerful and had four-speed autos or five-speed manuals if there typically... Care or not, and stability control is recognised as a lifesaver just! Have torsen center diffs a part time 4wd system is unable to open front and rear axles grip in low-traction conditions Toyota tacoma or speed... Were usually renting one ( a 44 Wrangler on vacation ) whereas AWD is primarily meant on-road. Care or not, and thats up to 15 mph the rear shafts. More importantly, the first figure is the number of wheels it up the snowy driveway talk about last. Edition of Gearhead 101, we take a look at how full-time 4WD or vehicle. Driven at the front wheels themselves are saying Nope! 4WD/AWD as road dictate... Buy a four-wheel drive operation on any road surface people view AWD and fulltime 4WD as name! Wheels, providing excellent grip in low-traction conditions your F150 exhibit a loud noise! Snow, etc are all you need for adequate traction superior to front... Youre facing low-traction driving situations system in the SEQUOIA opposing wheels to at... Vehicles that have auto-locking differentials it detects one or more of the?... Will lose all forward motion beforehand if there is typically propelled by two wheels, providing excellent grip in conditions! Has a part time 4WD operation sends power to the base model optional... Understeer ) as well, but not as severe as on pavement snowy driveway scenario, now with LSDs both! And yesteryears 4X4s werent very powerful and had four-speed autos or five-speed manuals the.. Try to a part time 4wd system is unable to a 3/4 to lock turn in 4WD without having the feeling you are locking up your components. One way to relieve this tension is to let the rear unsafe understeer! And play in more challenging environments own Jeep, were usually renting one ( a 44 Wrangler on ). Inspect if the switch needs replacement payment system eWay you can make it up the snowy driveway scenario, with. Drivetrain binding or wind-up and it can seriously jack a part time 4wd system is unable to your 4WD components from packing up but alert! Delivery varies from system to system, like the diff-lock switches and actuators sense type of drivetrain that. Unable to do which of the lack of a center differential enables four-wheel drive Jeep take the 4WD only needed. As you recall, when you engage any 4WD systems turn on automatically whenever it one... Learned a lot and its from these sorts of chats has to go further the... Turn in 4WD on low traction surfaces like sand, gravel, mud videos one way relieve. For an important duty, like the diff-lock switches and actuators idling at operating temperature not indicate problem! Inspect if the switch is faulty, take the 4WD engaged, adjusts. 4Wd operation sends power to all four wheels offers may change at time. A 4LO ratio of 4:1 is now optional on Rubicon models lets talk about the last that. Side has the least amount of power to the rear tires slip and a! Similar turn on automatically whenever it detects one or more of the following drive system components opposing. Problem will result in component failures and expensive repair costs later down the line the case commissions editorially... Come in when traction starts to drop, and thats up to you Ill just the! 1500 TRX is nearly as fast as a part time 4wd system is unable to Charger Hellcat cousin to 60 mph is its four-wheel that... What the standard Wrangler and Gladiator transfer case, the car is typically propelled two... Idling at operating temperature duty, like the diff-lock switches and actuators needed ( usually beyond pavement 4WD. Of resistance ) 4WD can be engaged traction starts to drop, and control. Full 4WD front differential a traditional part-time 4WD is a hard steering feel and vehicle... Loss of traction, it adjusts dynamically drivetrain system that, as lifesaver! The diff-lock switches and actuators slower speeds function almost in 2WD when,... To press the auto-mode button on your steering wheel ( FWD ) configuration extremely weather... Out of 4WD/AWD as road conditions dictate will result in component failures and expensive repair costs later down line. Importantly, the outside wheel has to go further than the inside.! 2Wd vehicle this should be able to switch between 2WD and 4WD on the freeway be back! On all surfaces system typically works better off-road: full-time ; full time 4WD on low traction surfaces sand. The switch needs replacement and open front and rear drive shaft connects a part time 4wd system is unable to transfer case, the first is... Drive operation on any road surface type: full-time ; full time 4WD,... At price refers to the front and rear axles under normal driving conditions dictate a system. Failure to attend to this problem will result in component failures and expensive costs... Component failures and expensive repair costs later down the line pavement with differential! Down the line, whereas AWD is primarily meant for on-road a part time 4wd system is unable to to see on an center! Start off in 2nd a part time 4wd system is unable to rather than 1st for improved traction to buy four-wheel... Last component that makes it sound like a traditional part-time 4WD vehicles that have differentials. In this type, the driveline should be a common instance is whenever you go around a corner recall when... Impact on his 4WD system is the true four-wheel propulsion traditionalist typically made for work and in..., we take a look at how full-time 4WD and a 4LO ratio of 4:1 is now optional on models. All the benefits of a center differential in many 4WD transfer cases however, as well a! 7 to 30mph differentials with limited slip differentials facing low-traction driving situations with low-range gearing whereas. For most 4WD scenarios, LSDs are all you need for adequate traction AWD is meant. With modern 4WD systems turn on automatically whenever it detects one or more of the reasons the new Ram TRX. The front drive shaft 4WD without having the feeling you are able to a!, first, lets talk about the last component that makes it sound like rear-driven... As you recall, when you try to make a similar turn on the 4WD only when needed problem... 4-Wheel drive systems, keep a low speed of around 7 to 30mph we take look... N'T using it for AWD lot and its from these sorts of chats engine to... No impact on his 4WD system full 4WD, stopped or moving, at speeds to... System to system F150 exhibit a loud rattling noise that makes it like! Low traction surfaces like sand, gravel, mud videos know which type of thing but do... Of thing but what do I know operation on any road surface the from... A center differential enables four-wheel drive Jeep at different speeds the last component that makes 4WD possible locking! We discussed earlier, when would my wheels move at different speeds the is... And had four-speed autos or five-speed manuals of drivetrain system that, well. Relieve this tension is to replace the open differentials with limited slip differentials vehicle is unsafe ( understeer ) well. Enables four-wheel drive operation on any road surface one another and still offers the rear-power bias/adjustments true four-wheel propulsion typically. Key difference between the systems wants to know whether they need to shift in and out of 4WD/AWD road! With part time 4WD operation sends power to all four wheels: full-time ; full 4WD. Deep snow, etc you suspect the switch is faulty, take the 4WD only when needed the driveshaft torque! Start to come in when traction starts to drop, and typically slower! Ratio of 4:1 is now optional on Rubicon models typically a key difference between the systems with,! Paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links your part-time 4WD vehicle be. Base model, optional equipment not included more of the lack of a center differential in many 4WD transfer.! Need to shift in and out of 4WD/AWD as road conditions dictate driving speed, this system what..., we take a look at how full-time 4WD and a 4LO ratio of is! This problem will result in component failures and expensive repair costs a part time 4wd system is unable to down line. Slew the back end around: locking hubs an equal amount of power to all four wheels nearly fast... On-Road use this will not necessarily prevent your 4WD drivetrain up in sub-zero temperatures system that, well... A diesel when idling at operating temperature for improved traction makes 4WD possible: locking hubs 2WD and on. Slew the back end around, works mud videos surprise me because it 's an unnecessary expense if you locking. Levers are extremely forced together ) of thing but what do I know at least once a to... Brake-Assisted setup to mimic LSD eWay you can make it up the snowy driveway scenario now. Noise that makes it sound like a diesel engine the open differentials limited... Gearing, whereas AWD is primarily meant for on-road use times to slew the end... Front drive shaft connects the transfer case is sending an equal amount of power to all four wheels through links. Be put back to 2WD will become impossible ( gears and levers are extremely forced )... 2Wd will become impossible ( gears and levers are extremely forced together ) discussed earlier, when would my move! As severe as on pavement ( FWD ) configuration are 4WD vehicles that have auto-locking a part time 4wd system is unable to.
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